Nose
Nasal Fractures
A nasal fracture is a break in the nasal bones, usually following a fall, sports injury or other impact to the face. The surrounding cartilage and nasal septum may also be injured. Assessment considers both the appearance of the nose and how well you can breathe through it.
Common Symptoms
Symptoms may include:
- Pain and tenderness.
- Swelling around the nose.
- Bruising beneath the eyes.
- A nosebleed.
- Difficulty breathing through the nose.
- A new change in nasal shape.
Swelling can temporarily hide or exaggerate a change in shape. Symptoms alone cannot reliably establish the extent of an injury.
When Is Urgent Assessment Needed?
A suspected fracture should be assessed promptly to check for associated injuries and a septal haematoma: a collection of blood beneath the lining of the nasal septum.
Increasing blockage, worsening pain or swelling inside the nose can indicate this complication. A suspected septal haematoma requires same-day emergency assessment and treatment to prevent damage to the cartilage.
Seek emergency care for bleeding that will not stop, clear watery discharge after an injury, visual disturbances, a severe headache, loss of consciousness or a significant open wound.
How Is a Nasal Fracture Assessed?
Your clinician will ask how the injury happened and examine the nose internally and externally. The surrounding face and eyes may also need assessment.
A photograph taken before the injury can help establish whether the shape has changed. Diagnosis usually relies on examination; routine X-rays are often unnecessary. Imaging may be requested if other facial injuries are suspected.
Why Does Timing Matter?
After an initial safety assessment, a further examination may be arranged once swelling has reduced. Specialist review should usually take place within the first week.
If repositioning is needed, it is generally considered within the first one to two weeks, before the bones become fixed in their new position. Children may need earlier treatment. The appropriate timing depends on the injury and examination findings, so do not wait for all swelling to disappear before seeking advice.
Treatment Options
A fracture that has not displaced the bones or affected breathing may be managed with observation, protection and symptom relief.
Displaced bones may be repositioned through a procedure called closed reduction, using local or general anaesthesia. A splint may be used afterwards.
Older injuries or persistent problems with shape or breathing may require a different surgical approach after healing. Treatment aims to improve alignment and function, but cannot guarantee an exact return to the previous appearance.
Caring for Your Nose After Injury
A cold pack wrapped in a cloth and keeping your head elevated may help reduce swelling. Do not attempt to straighten the nose yourself.
Avoid nose blowing and activities that risk another impact. Follow individual advice about pain relief, exercise, glasses and returning to contact sports.
Discuss Your Symptoms
Contact the clinic promptly to arrange assessment of a suspected nasal fracture or persistent changes after an injury. Emergency warning signs require immediate medical care rather than a routine appointment.
This information provides general guidance and does not replace an individual medical assessment.
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